Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the First Dynasty.
The First and Second Dynasties of Ancient Egypt are often combined under the group title, Early Dynastic Period. The capital at that time was Thinis.
| Name | Comments | Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Narmer | - | c3050BC/c.3000BC |
| Hor-Aha | Menes in earlier lists | c.3050BC |
| Djer | - | 41 years (Palermo Stone) |
| Merneith | Regent for Den | - |
| Djet | - | - |
| Den | - | 14 to 50 years |
| Anedjib | - | 10 years (Palermo Stone) |
| Semerkhet | - | 9 years (Palermo Stone) |
| Qa'a | - | 2916 BC?–2890 BC |
Information about the Protodynastic Period is derived from a few monuments and other objects bearing royal names, the most important being the Narmer Palette. No detailed records of the first two dynasties have survived except for the terse lists preserved on the Palermo Stone. The Hieroglyphs were fully developed by then, and their shapes would be used with little change for a little more than three thousand years.
Large tombs of pharaohs or kings at Abydos, Naqada and Saqqara, in addition to cemeteries at Helouan near Memphis, reveal structures built largely of wood and mud bricks with some small use of stone for walls and floors. Stone was used in quantity for the manufacture of ornaments, vessels, and occasionally statues.